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DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD Adopted by UN General Assembly Resolution 1386 (XIV) of 10 December 1959 |
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WHEREAS the peoples of the United Nations have, in the Charter, reaffirmed
their faith in fundamental human rights and in the dignity and worth of
the human person, and have determined to promote social progress and better
standards of life in larger freedom, |
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WHEREAS the United Nations has, in the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, proclaimed that everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms
set forth therein, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour,
sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social
origin, property, birth or other status, |
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WHEREAS the child, by reason of his physical and mental immaturity,
needs special safeguards and care, including appropriate legal protection,
before as well as after birth, | |
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WHEREAS the need for such special safeguards has been stated in the
Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child of 1924, and recognized in
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the statutes of specialized
agencies and international organizations concerned with the welfare of
children, | |
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WHEREAS mankind owes to the child the best it has to give, | |
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Now, therefore, The United Nations Proclaims THIS DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD to the end that he may have a happy childhood and enjoy for his own good and for the good of society the rights and freedoms herein set forth, and calls upon parents, upon men and women as individuals, and upon voluntary organizations, local authorities and national Governments to recognize these rights and strive for their observance by legislative and other measures progressively taken in accordance with the following principles: | |
| 1 |
The child shall enjoy all the rights set forth in this Declaration.
Every child, without any exception whatsoever, shall be entitled to these
rights, without distinction or discrimination on account of race, colour,
sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social
origin, property, birth or other status, whether of himself or of his family. | |
| 2 |
The child shall enjoy special protection, and shall be given opportunities
and facilities, by law and by other means, to enable him to develop physically,
mentally, morally, spiritually and socially in a healthy and normal manner
and in conditions of freedom and dignity. In the enactment of laws for
this purpose, the best interests of the child shall be the paramount consideration. | |
| 3 |
The child shall be entitled from his birth to a name and a nationality. | |
| 4 |
The child shall enjoy the benefits of social security. He shall be entitled
to grow and develop in health; to this end, special care and protection
shall be provided both to him and to his mother, including adequate pre-natal
and post-natal care. The child shall have the right to adequate nutrition,
housing, recreation and medical services. | |
| 5 |
The child who is physically, mentally or socially handicapped shall
be given the special treatment, education and care required by his particular
condition. | |
| 6 |
The child, for the full and harmonious development of his personality,
needs love and understanding. He shall, wherever possible, grow up in the
care and under the responsibility of his parents, and, in any case, in
an atmosphere of affection and of moral and material security; a child
of tender years shall not, save in exceptional circumstances, be separated
from his mother. Society and the public authorities shall have the duty
to extend particular care to children without a family and to those without
adequate means of support. Payment of State and other assistance towards
the maintenance of children of large families is desirable. | |
| 7 |
The child is entitled to receive education, which shall be free and
compulsory, at least in the elementary stages. He shall be given an education
which will promote his general culture and enable him, on a basis of equal
opportunity, to develop his abilities, his individual judgement, and his
sense of moral and social responsibility, and to become a useful member
of society. The best interests of the child shall be the guiding principle of those responsible for his education and guidance; that responsibility lies in the first place with his parents. The child shall have full opportunity for play and recreation, which should be directed to the same purposes as education; society and the public authorities shall endeavour to promote the enjoyment of this right. | |
| 8 |
The child shall in all circumstances be among the first to receive protection
and relief. | |
| 9 |
The child shall be protected against all forms of neglect, cruelty and
exploitation. He shall not be the subject of traffic, in any form. The child shall not be admitted to employment before an appropriate minimum age; he shall in no case be caused or permitted to engage in any occupation or employment which would prejudice his health or education, or interfere with his physical, mental or moral development. | |
| 10 |
The child shall be protected from practices which may foster racial,
religious and any other form of discrimination. He shall be brought up
in a spirit of understanding, tolerance, friendship among peoples, peace
and universal brotherhood, and in full consciousness that his energy and
talents should be devoted to the service of his fellow men. | |
